These are our articles focused on the physics of x-ray Radiography.
Contrast Agents (Radiographic contrast agents and iodinated contrast media)
Contrast agents from air to Barium to Iodine play a crucial role in X-ray and CT imaging by…
How Fluoroscopy Works | Indications and Physics of X-ray Fluoroscopy
What is fluoroscopy? Fluoroscopy is a medical imaging exam that uses X-rays to create dynamics images of the…
Inverse Square Law in Radiography (SID impact to mAs)
The radiation inverse square law specifies that: the intensity of the radiation goes down by the square of…
The 15% Rule in Radiography (kVp impact to mAs)
The 15% Rule is a useful approximation for Radiologic Technologists / Radiographers to adjust the mAs when changes…
What is Computed Radiography? (Illustrated guide for Rad Techs)
Computed Radiography (CR) is a method to generate digital images in x-ray radiography that uses photo-stimulated luminescence to…
Digital Radiography (Direct vs Indirect Flat panels)
Digital radiography detectors are used to directly acquire x-ray images in place of film or computed radiography (CR)…
X-ray physics intro for starting x-ray school, a step by step guide for new radiologic technologists (radiographers).
If you are a student in training or totally new to x-ray physics are you feeling: overwhelmed or…
X-ray Contrast to Noise (CNR) Illustrated examples of image noise (SNR, Quantum Mottle) for Radiologic Technologists
The Contrast to Noise Ratio (CNR) in a medical image is a measure of the contrast between the…
X- ray Resolution (PSF, MTF, NPS, DQE) for radiologic technologists
The spatial resolution of an x-ray or CT system is a measure of how the ability of a…
X-ray attenuation of tissues [thickness, atomic number] for Radiologic Technologists
In x-ray imaging (radiography and CT) the contrast between the tissues in the image is generated by the…
Magnification and Blurring Effects for Radiographers and Radiologic Technologists (with Focal Spot Blur Formula)
Magnification occurs in x-ray imaging because the x-rays are divergent or spread out from the x-ray source. Therefore,…
Beam Quality, Beam Quantity (mA, kVp, HVL) for Radiologic Technologist
Beam Quality describes the shape of the energy spectrum (i.e. the energy distribution of the x-rays) and beam…
5 reasons why Gonad Shielding will soon be extinct, and motivations for why it was introduced.
The motivation for gonad shielding is to reduce the hereditary specific risks of radiation, and it is still…
X-Ray Interactions, Illustrated Summary (Photoelectric, Compton, Coherent) for Radiologic Technologists and Radiographers
The x-ray interactions are Photoelectric, Compton and Coherent. Photoelectric is mainly responsible for image contrast, Compton contributes to…
X-Ray Properties (Energy, Wavelength, Inverse Square Law) For Radiologic Technologists
Basics of x-ray properties for radiographers and radiologic technologists include: wave and particle models for x-rays, relationships between…
X-ray scatter (collimation, kVp, air gap, thickness, anti-scatter grids) factors every technologist should know.
X-ray scatter due to Compton Scatter generates background haze in x-ray images and there is a desire to…
Digital X-ray Imaging [Dels, Matrix Size, Bit Depth , Dynamic Range, Sampling Frequency]
The basic concepts of digital x-ray detectors are covered including the important concepts. Digital detectors are separated into…
X-ray Generation, pictorial Guide [Bremsstrahlung, Characteristic]
X-ray tubes used in diagnostic X-ray exams all use the same physical principles including: thermionic emission (boiling off…