X-Ray

What is fluoroscopy? Fluoroscopy is a medical imaging exam that uses X-rays to create dynamics images of the inside of the body (i.e real-time imaging and short movies of the body). This allows doctors (e.g. interventional radiologist, surgeons, etc) to see internal organs, vessels, tissues, and abnormalities. Since the x-rays pass through the body the

The radiation inverse square law specifies that: the intensity of the radiation goes down by the square of the distance from the source. For instance if you move twice as far from the source the intensity of the radiation will decrease by a factor of 4. The inverse square law in Radiography specifically describes the

The 15% Rule is a useful approximation for Radiologic Technologists / Radiographers to adjust the mAs when changes to the kVp are desired in the x-ray protocol. The 15% Rule states: when the kVp is lowered by 15% the mAs needs to be increased by a factor of 2, and when the kVp is increased

Computed Radiography (CR) is a method to generate digital images in x-ray radiography that uses photo-stimulated luminescence to store the x-ray exposure into a latent image, that is then digitized. Computed Radiography is rapidly replacing film screen radiography, and at the same time a newer technology termed Digital Radiography (DR) is beginning to displace CR

If you are a student in training or totally new to x-ray physics are you feeling: Take a breath and get some good brain food while you are studying. I prefer sharp cheddar or dark chocolate, but generally not together. Remember when you learned to play soccer, basketball or tennis. The first day that you

The Contrast to Noise Ratio (CNR) in a medical image is a measure of the contrast between the tissue of interest and the background (i.e. the neighboring tissue). The Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) is a measure of the image signal in a given region to the background. The ability to visualize objects in a

In x-ray imaging (radiography and CT) the contrast between the tissues in the image is generated by the difference between the x-ray attenuation (influenced by density and atomic number). In this post we demonstrate the material dependence for x-ray attenuation. For all radiographers, radiologic technologists and students understanding the basic principles of x-ray interactions, which